Core: added format specifiers to output binary data as hex.

Now "s", "V", and "v" format specifiers may be prefixed with "x" (lowercase)
or "X" (uppercase) to output corresponding data in hexadecimal format.

In collaboration with Maxim Dounin.
diff --git a/src/core/ngx_string.c b/src/core/ngx_string.c
index 468e960..93f32ea 100644
--- a/src/core/ngx_string.c
+++ b/src/core/ngx_string.c
@@ -11,6 +11,8 @@
 
 static u_char *ngx_sprintf_num(u_char *buf, u_char *last, uint64_t ui64,
     u_char zero, ngx_uint_t hexadecimal, ngx_uint_t width);
+static u_char *ngx_sprintf_str(u_char *buf, u_char *last, u_char *src,
+    size_t len, ngx_uint_t hexadecimal);
 static void ngx_encode_base64_internal(ngx_str_t *dst, ngx_str_t *src,
     const u_char *basis, ngx_uint_t padding);
 static ngx_int_t ngx_decode_base64_internal(ngx_str_t *dst, ngx_str_t *src,
@@ -101,10 +103,10 @@
  *    %M                        ngx_msec_t
  *    %r                        rlim_t
  *    %p                        void *
- *    %V                        ngx_str_t *
- *    %v                        ngx_variable_value_t *
- *    %s                        null-terminated string
- *    %*s                       length and string
+ *    %[x|X]V                   ngx_str_t *
+ *    %[x|X]v                   ngx_variable_value_t *
+ *    %[x|X]s                   null-terminated string
+ *    %*[x|X]s                  length and string
  *    %Z                        '\0'
  *    %N                        '\n'
  *    %c                        char
@@ -165,7 +167,7 @@
     u_char                *p, zero;
     int                    d;
     double                 f;
-    size_t                 len, slen;
+    size_t                 slen;
     int64_t                i64;
     uint64_t               ui64, frac;
     ngx_msec_t             ms;
@@ -250,8 +252,7 @@
             case 'V':
                 v = va_arg(args, ngx_str_t *);
 
-                len = ngx_min(((size_t) (last - buf)), v->len);
-                buf = ngx_cpymem(buf, v->data, len);
+                buf = ngx_sprintf_str(buf, last, v->data, v->len, hex);
                 fmt++;
 
                 continue;
@@ -259,8 +260,7 @@
             case 'v':
                 vv = va_arg(args, ngx_variable_value_t *);
 
-                len = ngx_min(((size_t) (last - buf)), vv->len);
-                buf = ngx_cpymem(buf, vv->data, len);
+                buf = ngx_sprintf_str(buf, last, vv->data, vv->len, hex);
                 fmt++;
 
                 continue;
@@ -268,16 +268,7 @@
             case 's':
                 p = va_arg(args, u_char *);
 
-                if (slen == (size_t) -1) {
-                    while (*p && buf < last) {
-                        *buf++ = *p++;
-                    }
-
-                } else {
-                    len = ngx_min(((size_t) (last - buf)), slen);
-                    buf = ngx_cpymem(buf, p, len);
-                }
-
+                buf = ngx_sprintf_str(buf, last, p, slen, hex);
                 fmt++;
 
                 continue;
@@ -576,6 +567,64 @@
 }
 
 
+static u_char *
+ngx_sprintf_str(u_char *buf, u_char *last, u_char *src, size_t len,
+    ngx_uint_t hexadecimal)
+{
+    static u_char   hex[] = "0123456789abcdef";
+    static u_char   HEX[] = "0123456789ABCDEF";
+
+    if (hexadecimal == 0) {
+
+        if (len == (size_t) -1) {
+            while (*src && buf < last) {
+                *buf++ = *src++;
+            }
+
+        } else {
+            len = ngx_min((size_t) (last - buf), len);
+            buf = ngx_cpymem(buf, src, len);
+        }
+
+    } else if (hexadecimal == 1) {
+
+        if (len == (size_t) -1) {
+
+            while (*src && buf < last - 1) {
+                *buf++ = hex[*src >> 4];
+                *buf++ = hex[*src++ & 0xf];
+            }
+
+        } else {
+
+            while (len-- && buf < last - 1) {
+                *buf++ = hex[*src >> 4];
+                *buf++ = hex[*src++ & 0xf];
+            }
+        }
+
+    } else { /* hexadecimal == 2 */
+
+        if (len == (size_t) -1) {
+
+            while (*src && buf < last - 1) {
+                *buf++ = HEX[*src >> 4];
+                *buf++ = HEX[*src++ & 0xf];
+            }
+
+        } else {
+
+            while (len-- && buf < last - 1) {
+                *buf++ = HEX[*src >> 4];
+                *buf++ = HEX[*src++ & 0xf];
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    return buf;
+}
+
+
 /*
  * We use ngx_strcasecmp()/ngx_strncasecmp() for 7-bit ASCII strings only,
  * and implement our own ngx_strcasecmp()/ngx_strncasecmp()
diff --git a/src/event/ngx_event_openssl.c b/src/event/ngx_event_openssl.c
index 2eef87e..fd2b92f 100644
--- a/src/event/ngx_event_openssl.c
+++ b/src/event/ngx_event_openssl.c
@@ -4057,9 +4057,6 @@
     ngx_ssl_session_ticket_key_t  *key;
     const EVP_MD                  *digest;
     const EVP_CIPHER              *cipher;
-#if (NGX_DEBUG)
-    u_char                         buf[32];
-#endif
 
     c = ngx_ssl_get_connection(ssl_conn);
     ssl_ctx = c->ssl->session_ctx;
@@ -4081,8 +4078,8 @@
         /* encrypt session ticket */
 
         ngx_log_debug3(NGX_LOG_DEBUG_EVENT, c->log, 0,
-                       "ssl session ticket encrypt, key: \"%*s\" (%s session)",
-                       ngx_hex_dump(buf, key[0].name, 16) - buf, buf,
+                       "ssl session ticket encrypt, key: \"%*xs\" (%s session)",
+                       (size_t) 16, key[0].name,
                        SSL_session_reused(ssl_conn) ? "reused" : "new");
 
         if (key[0].size == 48) {
@@ -4128,17 +4125,16 @@
         }
 
         ngx_log_debug2(NGX_LOG_DEBUG_EVENT, c->log, 0,
-                       "ssl session ticket decrypt, key: \"%*s\" not found",
-                       ngx_hex_dump(buf, name, 16) - buf, buf);
+                       "ssl session ticket decrypt, key: \"%*xs\" not found",
+                       (size_t) 16, name);
 
         return 0;
 
     found:
 
         ngx_log_debug3(NGX_LOG_DEBUG_EVENT, c->log, 0,
-                       "ssl session ticket decrypt, key: \"%*s\"%s",
-                       ngx_hex_dump(buf, key[i].name, 16) - buf, buf,
-                       (i == 0) ? " (default)" : "");
+                       "ssl session ticket decrypt, key: \"%*xs\"%s",
+                       (size_t) 16, key[i].name, (i == 0) ? " (default)" : "");
 
         if (key[i].size == 48) {
             cipher = EVP_aes_128_cbc();
diff --git a/src/event/ngx_event_openssl_stapling.c b/src/event/ngx_event_openssl_stapling.c
index 9d92421..e3fa8c4 100644
--- a/src/event/ngx_event_openssl_stapling.c
+++ b/src/event/ngx_event_openssl_stapling.c
@@ -2662,16 +2662,8 @@
     p = ngx_cpymem(p, serial->data, serial->length);
     ngx_memzero(p, 20 - serial->length);
 
-#if (NGX_DEBUG)
-    {
-        u_char  buf[120];
-
-        ngx_hex_dump(buf, ctx->key.data, ctx->key.len);
-
-        ngx_log_debug2(NGX_LOG_DEBUG_EVENT, ctx->log, 0,
-                       "ssl ocsp key %*s", sizeof(buf), buf);
-    }
-#endif
+    ngx_log_debug1(NGX_LOG_DEBUG_EVENT, ctx->log, 0,
+                   "ssl ocsp key %xV", &ctx->key);
 
     return NGX_OK;
 }
diff --git a/src/http/modules/ngx_http_grpc_module.c b/src/http/modules/ngx_http_grpc_module.c
index 7e14af8..0b8bb52 100644
--- a/src/http/modules/ngx_http_grpc_module.c
+++ b/src/http/modules/ngx_http_grpc_module.c
@@ -1141,20 +1141,11 @@
 
     f->flags |= NGX_HTTP_V2_END_HEADERS_FLAG;
 
-#if (NGX_DEBUG)
-    if (r->connection->log->log_level & NGX_LOG_DEBUG_HTTP) {
-        u_char  buf[512];
-        size_t  n, m;
-
-        n = ngx_min(b->last - b->pos, 256);
-        m = ngx_hex_dump(buf, b->pos, n) - buf;
-
-        ngx_log_debug4(NGX_LOG_DEBUG_HTTP, r->connection->log, 0,
-                       "grpc header: %*s%s, len: %uz",
-                       m, buf, b->last - b->pos > 256 ? "..." : "",
-                       b->last - b->pos);
-    }
-#endif
+    ngx_log_debug4(NGX_LOG_DEBUG_HTTP, r->connection->log, 0,
+                   "grpc header: %*xs%s, len: %uz",
+                   (size_t) ngx_min(b->last - b->pos, 256), b->pos,
+                   b->last - b->pos > 256 ? "..." : "",
+                   b->last - b->pos);
 
     if (r->request_body_no_buffering) {
 
@@ -1604,20 +1595,11 @@
     u = r->upstream;
     b = &u->buffer;
 
-#if (NGX_DEBUG)
-    if (r->connection->log->log_level & NGX_LOG_DEBUG_HTTP) {
-        u_char  buf[512];
-        size_t  n, m;
-
-        n = ngx_min(b->last - b->pos, 256);
-        m = ngx_hex_dump(buf, b->pos, n) - buf;
-
-        ngx_log_debug4(NGX_LOG_DEBUG_HTTP, r->connection->log, 0,
-                       "grpc response: %*s%s, len: %uz",
-                       m, buf, b->last - b->pos > 256 ? "..." : "",
-                       b->last - b->pos);
-    }
-#endif
+    ngx_log_debug4(NGX_LOG_DEBUG_HTTP, r->connection->log, 0,
+                   "grpc response: %*xs%s, len: %uz",
+                   (size_t) ngx_min(b->last - b->pos, 256),
+                   b->pos, b->last - b->pos > 256 ? "..." : "",
+                   b->last - b->pos);
 
     ctx = ngx_http_grpc_get_ctx(r);